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Updated: Apr 8, 2026

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Multiple sclerosis, cannabis, and cognition: A structural MRI study.

Kristoffer Romero1, Bennis Pavisian1, William R Staines2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Neuroimage. Clinical
|June 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Cannabis use in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is linked to greater cognitive deficits and structural brain changes. This study reveals that cannabis use correlates with reduced gray and white matter volumes, exacerbating cognitive impairment in MS.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients may use cannabis for symptom relief.
  • Emerging evidence links cannabis smoking to impaired functional brain changes in MS.
  • The association between cannabis use and structural brain changes in MS remains under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between cannabis use and structural brain changes in patients with multiple sclerosis.
  • To determine if cannabis use is associated with cognitive deficits and alterations in brain matter volume.

Main Methods:

  • Structural MRI scans and neuropsychological testing were performed on MS patients who use cannabis (n=20) and matched controls who do not (n=19).
  • Brain images were segmented into gray and white matter.

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  • Partial Least Squares analysis was employed to explore brain-behavior associations.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant correlations were found between cognitive scores and both gray matter (33% variance) and white matter (17% variance) volumes in all MS patients.
    • Reduced gray matter volume in the thalamus, basal ganglia, medial temporal, and medial prefrontal regions, and white matter volume in the fornix were associated with cognitive deficits.
    • Cannabis use in MS patients was linked to more extensive cognitive impairment and greater brain volume reductions compared to non-cannabis users.

    Conclusions:

    • Cannabis use in MS patients is associated with more widespread cognitive deficits.
    • These cognitive impairments correlate with reduced tissue volume in subcortical, medial temporal, and prefrontal regions.
    • This study provides the first evidence linking cannabis use, cognitive impairment, and structural brain changes in multiple sclerosis.