Tip of the Iceberg: The Need for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening in Developing Countries. Lessons From Vietnam

Noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes are emerging particularly in low-income countries. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication that threatens vision among people with diabetes. Research has demonstrated that blindness from diabetes is preventable with early diagnosis, optimization of risk factors, and timely photocoagulation. Experiences from neighboring Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam highlight the health system's challenges in managing DR in low-resourced countries. Insight can be gained from successful interventions in India and Latin America. A systematic approach to manage DR is required to achieve Vision2020 goals. This must identify people at risk and engage with key stakeholders at all levels of the health system to ensure that systems for treatment and follow-up are available.