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Body fat and the cognitive pattern: A population-based study.

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Higher body mass index (BMI) and body fat mass (BFM) are linked to better cognitive function, particularly in attention and executive tasks. This population-level study found increased fatness correlated with improved performance on cognitive tests.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human Physiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cognitive function is crucial for daily activities.
  • Understanding factors influencing cognition, like body composition, is important for public health.
  • Previous research has explored links between weight and cognition with mixed results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between body fatness and cognitive performance in a general population sample.
  • To determine the roles of Body Mass Index (BMI) and Body Fat Mass (BFM) in cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 500 unselected individuals from the general population was studied.
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and neuropsychological tests.
  • Statistical analyses, including multiple linear regressions and analysis of covariance, were employed, controlling for confounders.

Main Results:

  • Higher BMI showed a positive association with MMSE, Clock Drawing Test, and Trail Making Test A.
  • Adding Body Fat Mass (BFM) to the models revealed positive associations with these cognitive tests.
  • Cognitive performance improved significantly above specific BMI and BFM thresholds, with BFM being a stronger predictor.

Conclusions:

  • Increased body fatness, particularly higher Body Fat Mass (BFM), is associated with enhanced performance in cognitive tasks.
  • These findings suggest that body fatness may play a role in selective attention and executive functions.