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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 8, 2026

Neuronavigated Focalized Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Administered During Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Current Density Imaging During Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Using DT-MRI and MREIT: Algorithm Development

Oh In Kwon, Saurav Z K Sajib, Igor Sersa

    IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering
    |June 26, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new method uses diffusion tensor imaging and magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography to visualize current density during transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). This technique accurately maps electrical current flow in the brain for improved tDCS treatment.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Medical Imaging
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulatory technique used for neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders.
    • Accurate visualization of internal current density distribution during tDCS is crucial for effective treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a novel current density imaging (CDI) reconstruction algorithm for tDCS.
    • To quantitatively visualize the internal current density distribution in the brain during tDCS treatment.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a CDI algorithm using subject-specific 3-D head models, diffusion tensor (DT) data, and magnetic flux density data induced by tDCS current.
    • Acquired T1-weighted and DT images via MRI; magnetic flux density data were numerically generated using a magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) pulse sequence.

    Main Results:

    • Numerical simulations demonstrated successful recovery of current density distribution.
    • The method accounts for anisotropic and isotropic conductivity values of different head tissues.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed CDI method, integrating DT-MRI and MREIT, reliably reconstructs cross-sectional current density images during tDCS.
    • Accurate current density mapping is vital for understanding tDCS effects and optimizing treatment precision.