[Radiological evaluation of congenital tumors]

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Oncology
• Fetal Medicine
• Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

• Congenital tumors are neoplasms diagnosed during pregnancy or the first three months of life.
• These tumors exhibit distinct biological and epidemiological characteristics compared to adult or childhood neoplasms.
• Prenatal detection of congenital tumors has risen due to widespread sonographic screening.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the most common congenital tumors.
• To describe their histologic types, locations, and imaging characteristics.
• To highlight advancements in diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

• Image-based review of congenital tumors.
• Analysis of data from advanced imaging techniques, particularly fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
• Correlation of imaging findings with histologic types and tumor locations.

Main Results:

• Increased prenatal diagnosis of congenital tumors is noted.
• Fetal MRI has significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and management planning.
• Common congenital tumors show characteristic features across various imaging modalities.

Conclusions:

• Congenital tumors represent a unique group of pediatric neoplasms.
• Modern imaging techniques are crucial for effective diagnosis, follow-up, and perinatal treatment.
• This review provides insights into the imaging characteristics of common congenital tumors.