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Related Concept Videos

Randomized Experiments01:13

Randomized Experiments

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The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
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A random variable is a single numerical value that indicates the outcome of a procedure. The concept of random variables is fundamental to the probability theory and was introduced by a Russian mathematician, Pafnuty Chebyshev, in the mid-nineteenth century.
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Reason and Intuition01:37

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The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
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Random and Systematic Errors01:20

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Scientists always try their best to record measurements with the utmost accuracy and precision. However, sometimes errors do occur. These errors can be random or systematic. Random errors are observed due to the inconsistency or fluctuation in the measurement process, or variations in the quantity itself that is being measured. Such errors fluctuate from being greater than or less than the true value in repeated measurements. Consider a scientist measuring the length of an earthworm using a...
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Counterfactual Thinking01:19

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Counterfactual thinking is a cognitive process wherein individuals mentally reconstruct alternative versions of past events, often beginning with “what if” or “if only.” This reflective mechanism plays a significant role in shaping emotional experiences and guiding future behavior. Though typically triggered by unfavorable or unexpected outcomes, counterfactual thinking can also emerge in mundane, everyday decisions and experiences, revealing its deep entrenchment in...
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Some Random(ized) Thoughts

Achilleas Thoma1, Felmont F Eaves1

  • 1Dr Eaves is a Professor of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Emory University; Medical Director of the Emory Aesthetic Center and Emory Ambulatory Surgery Center, Atlanta, GA, USA; and Evidence-Based Medicine Section Co-editor for Aesthetic Surgery Journal. Dr Thoma is Clinical Professor, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery; Associate Member, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and Evidence-Based Medicine Section Co-editor for Aesthetic Surgery Journal.

Aesthetic Surgery Journal
|June 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

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