Radical Oxygen Species, Exercise and Aging: An Update
Mohamed Amine Bouzid1, Edith Filaire2, Alan McCall3
1Université de Lille, URePSSS, EA "Activité Physique Muscle Santé", Faculté des Sciences du Sport et de l'Education Physique, 9 rue de l'Université, 59790, Ronchin, France. bouzid.mohamed-amine@hotmail.fr.
Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|June 30, 2015
Summary
Regular physical activity benefits older adults by mitigating oxidative stress. Chronic, moderate-intensity exercise enhances antioxidant defenses, while acute exercise may increase oxidative stress in the elderly.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Exercise Physiology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have dual roles, acting as signaling molecules but also inducing cellular damage.
- Aging is linked to physiological decline and increased susceptibility to diseases, partly due to ROS-induced macromolecular damage.
- Oxidative stress is implicated in age-related conditions like sarcopenia, highlighting the role of physical activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing studies on the impact of physical exercise on oxidative stress in healthy elderly individuals.
- To differentiate the effects of acute versus chronic exercise on oxidative stress markers in older adults.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of studies examining acute and chronic physical exercise interventions.
- Analysis of oxidative stress markers and antioxidant defense systems in response to exercise in elderly populations.
Main Results:
- Acute exercise was found to increase ROS production and oxidative stress in older adults.
- Chronic exercise demonstrated a protective effect against oxidative stress damage and bolstered antioxidant defenses in the elderly.
- Moderate-intensity exercise appears more beneficial for managing oxidative stress than high-intensity exercise in this demographic.
Conclusions:
- Chronic, moderate-intensity physical activity can protect elderly individuals from oxidative stress and enhance their antioxidant capacity.
- Exercise recommendations for older adults should prioritize moderate-intensity training to maximize benefits against oxidative stress.
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