Related Concept Videos
Cognitive Development During Adulthood
1.2K
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
1.2K
Language and Cognition
982
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
982
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
4.1K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
4.1K
Auditory Perception
1.5K
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
1.5K
Hearing
58.9K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
58.9K
Aging
1.0K
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
1.0K
You might also read
Related Articles
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
Sort by
Same author
The "inverted-U" of cognitive effort across speech rates holds for simple but not complex sentence structures.
Frontiers in psychology·2025
Same author
A Prospective Multicenter Study on the Performance of a Bone-Anchored Hearing Implant Using Minimally Invasive Ponto Surgery.
Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology·2025
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 8, 2026

10:38
A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
Published on: July 16, 2015
14.2K
Cognitive aging and hearing acuity: modeling spoken language comprehension.
Arthur Wingfield1, Nicole M Amichetti1, Amanda Lash1
1Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University , Waltham, MA, USA.
Frontiers in Psychology
|July 1, 2015
Summary
The ease of language understanding (ELU) model offers a comprehensive framework for spoken language comprehension. This study examines the ELU model
More Related Videos
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Psycholinguistics
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Spoken language comprehension research has traditionally focused on "local" theories addressing specific components like word recognition and attention.
- The ease of language understanding (ELU) model provides a rare, holistic framework for understanding language processing.
- Adult aging often involves declines in processing speed, working memory, and hearing acuity, impacting spoken language comprehension.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the interactions between perceptual, linguistic, and cognitive factors in spoken language understanding.
- To evaluate the applicability of the ELU model to spoken language comprehension in aging adults.
- To identify strengths and limitations of the ELU model in explaining language comprehension.
Main Methods:
- Review and critical analysis of the ease of language understanding (ELU) model.
- Discussion of working memory, context utilization, and inhibitory control in relation to the ELU model.
- Examination of sentence-level language comprehension within the ELU framework.
Main Results:
- The ELU model offers a robust framework for understanding spoken language comprehension.
- Specific aspects of the ELU model are particularly relevant for explaining comprehension challenges in aging adults.
- The study identifies areas where the ELU model requires further development to fully encompass language processing.
Conclusions:
- The ELU model provides valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of spoken language understanding.
- Understanding the interplay of cognitive factors is crucial for addressing age-related declines in language comprehension.
- Further research is needed to refine the ELU model and address its current limitations.

