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Updated: Jan 8, 2026
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Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
Published on: August 22, 2012
24.2K
Public Health
Carol E Franz1,2, Erik Buchholz1,3, Tyler R Bell1
1University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
Summary
Modifiable dementia risk factors explained little of Alzheimer's disease biomarker variance but were more influential than APOE or age. Key factors like glucose, BMI, and air pollution offer intervention opportunities.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Gerontology
- Public Health
Background:
- The 2024 Lancet Commission identified 14 modifiable dementia risk factors, potentially reducing incidence by 45%.
- Limited research has simultaneously examined these factors against Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the collective impact of 14 modifiable risk factors on AD-related plasma biomarkers and MCI.
- To compare the influence of these risk factors against age and APOE status.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from 936 men in the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging (mean age 62).
- Assessed 14 risk factors including education, lifestyle, and environmental exposures (PM2.5).
- Measured plasma biomarkers (Aβ42/40, pTau231, NfL, GFAP) and MCI diagnosis at mean age 68, employing Random Forest analysis.
Main Results:
- Modifiable risk factors explained minimal variance in pTau231 (0%), Aβ42/40 (0%), NfL (7%), and GFAP (8%).
- The prediction accuracy (AUC) for MCI was 0.62.
- Fasting glucose, education, and BMI were top predictors for NfL; BMI, education, and PM2.5 for GFAP; and blood pressure, PM2.5, and education for MCI.
Conclusions:
- Considered together, the 14 risk factors accounted for limited variance in plasma biomarkers and MCI over 6 years.
- Modifiable factors demonstrated greater influence than APOE or age.
- Consistent predictors (glucose, BMI, PM2.5, education) underscore the significance of lifestyle and environmental interventions for AD prevention.
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