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In materials that exhibit elastic and plastic behavior, known as elastoplastic materials, residual stresses can accumulate when these materials experience plastic deformation. This deformation arises from either high levels of shearing stress or significant strains. Residual stresses are internal stresses that persist within a material after removing the external force causing deformation. This phenomenon is demonstrated when observing the behavior of a shaft under torque; notably, the...
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Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
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The Inhibition of the Rayleigh-Taylor Instability by Rotation.

Kyle A Baldwin1, Matthew M Scase2, Richard J A Hill1

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.

Scientific Reports
|July 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rotation can stabilize Rayleigh-Taylor instability in fluids. This study introduces a novel magnetic field technique to experimentally verify that rotation slows instability growth and stabilizes long wavelengths, with a critical rate dependent on system parameters.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Plasma Physics
  • Astrophysical Instabilities

Background:

  • The Coriolis force is known to stabilize fluid flows in rotating systems.
  • Rayleigh-Taylor instability, occurring at the interface of fluids with different densities under gravity, was theoretically found by Chandrasekhar to be not indefinitely stabilized by rotation alone.
  • Recent numerical simulations suggest rotation can slow the growth of Rayleigh-Taylor instability, but experimental verification is challenging due to initial condition difficulties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the stabilizing effect of rotation on Rayleigh-Taylor instability.
  • To introduce and validate a new experimental technique using magnetic fields to study this phenomenon.
  • To determine the relationship between rotation rate, system parameters, and instability stabilization.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel experimental technique employing a strong magnetic field to induce Rayleigh-Taylor instability in an otherwise stable system.
  • Rotation of the system about an axis perpendicular to the fluid interface.
  • Observation and measurement of instability growth rates and characteristic structure scales at varying rotation rates, Atwood numbers, and aspect ratios.

Main Results:

  • Rotation significantly retards the growth rate of the magnetically induced Rayleigh-Taylor instability.
  • Rotation stabilizes long-wavelength modes of the instability.
  • Observed structure scales decrease with increasing rotation rate, reaching a minimum wavelength determined by viscosity. A critical rotation rate for stabilizing the most unstable mode was identified, dependent on Atwood number and aspect ratio.

Conclusions:

  • The experimental results confirm that rotation acts to stabilize Rayleigh-Taylor instability, consistent with numerical predictions.
  • The novel magnetic destabilization technique effectively overcomes previous experimental limitations.
  • A critical rotation rate provides a quantifiable measure for stabilizing the most unstable modes in such systems.