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Pulmonary imaging using respiratory motion compensated simultaneous PET/MR.

Joyita Dutta1, Chuan Huang2, Quanzheng Li1

  • 1Center for Advanced Medical Imaging Sciences, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114 and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.

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This study introduces a novel framework for motion-compensated image reconstruction (MCIR) in pulmonary PET/MR imaging, significantly improving image quality and lesion detection by reducing respiratory motion artifacts.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Pulmonary PET imaging is hindered by motion artifacts from breathing.
  • These artifacts reduce image quality and quantitative accuracy.
  • Accurate lung imaging requires compensation for respiratory motion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a comprehensive framework for respiratory motion compensated image reconstruction (MCIR).
  • To validate this framework using simultaneous whole-body PET/MR imaging.
  • To improve image quality and quantitative accuracy in pulmonary PET scans.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an MCIR framework using maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation.
  • Utilized a novel Golden-angle RAdial Navigated Gradient Echo (GRANGE) sequence for 4D MR imaging.
  • Employed nonrigid registration to compute deformation fields for motion compensation.

Main Results:

  • MCIR demonstrated significant contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) improvements compared to ungated and one-gate reconstructions.
  • XCAT phantom studies showed CNR improvements of 21%-120% for lung lesions.
  • Clinical studies confirmed CNR increases of 19%-190% for motion-affected features.

Conclusions:

  • The developed PET/MR pulmonary imaging framework shows promise for improved lung imaging.
  • Simultaneous PET/MR offers combined structural and functional information.
  • MCIR effectively addresses respiratory motion artifacts in pulmonary imaging.