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Fatal multifocal Pasteurella multocida infection: a case report
Mathieu Guilbart1,2, Elie Zogheib3,4, Abdel Hakim Hchikat5
1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Amiens University Medical Center, Amiens, France. guilbi@hotmail.fr.
Background:
In humans, Pasteurella multocida infections are usually limited to the soft tissues surrounding a lesion. However, P. multocida can also cause systemic infections (such as pneumonia, lung abscess, peritonitis, endocarditis, meningitis and sepsis)-especially in patients with other underlying medical conditions.
Case Presentation:
We report on a case of fulminant P. multocida bacteremia at several sites (soft tissues, endocarditis and joints) on a white European man. Despite surgery and intensive medical care, the patient died.
Conclusions:
The present case emphasizes the importance of appropriate initial treatment of skin wounds. Patients at risk should be aware of the possible consequences of being bitten, scratched or licked by their pet.
Insights
Fulminant Pasteurella multocida bacteremia can lead to severe systemic infections and death, even with intensive care. Prompt wound treatment is crucial, especially after animal contact, to prevent serious Pasteurella multocida complications.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Case Study
Background:
- Pasteurella multocida typically causes localized soft tissue infections in humans.
- Systemic Pasteurella multocida infections, including sepsis and endocarditis, are rare but serious, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
- Risk factors for severe Pasteurella multocida infections include underlying medical conditions.
Observation:
- A case of fulminant Pasteurella multocida bacteremia is presented in a previously healthy adult.
- The infection disseminated to multiple sites, including soft tissues, endocarditis, and joints.
- Despite aggressive medical and surgical interventions, the patient experienced a fatal outcome.
Findings:
- This case highlights the potential for Pasteurella multocida to cause rapidly progressive and fatal systemic disease.
- Fulminant bacteremia underscores the aggressive nature P. multocida can exhibit in certain circumstances.
- The rapid progression and multi-site involvement indicate a severe host response or pathogen virulence.
Implications:
- Appropriate and timely treatment of skin wounds, especially those resulting from animal bites or scratches, is critical.
- Individuals with pets should be educated about the risks of Pasteurella multocida transmission and potential health consequences.
- Early recognition and management of Pasteurella multocida infections are vital to improve patient outcomes and prevent mortality.
