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Noradrenergic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.

Mary Gannon1, Pulin Che1, Yunjia Chen1

  • 1Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, AL, USA.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|July 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves significant noradrenergic system degeneration, particularly in the locus coeruleus. This review summarizes noradrenergic dysfunction in AD and identifies knowledge gaps for future research.

Keywords:
adrenergic receptorsdegenerationdysfunctionnoradrenergic systemnorepinephrine

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuropathology

Background:

  • The brain's noradrenergic system, originating in the locus coeruleus, modulates cognitive functions via norepinephrine.
  • Degeneration of this system is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with pathology potentially initiating in the locus coeruleus.
  • Loss of noradrenergic innervation is increasingly linked to AD pathogenesis and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on noradrenergic system dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.
  • To highlight areas requiring further investigation regarding the role of noradrenergic components in AD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on noradrenergic system and Alzheimer's disease.
  • Synthesis of findings on noradrenergic degeneration and its impact on AD.
  • Identification of research gaps in the field.

Main Results:

  • Noradrenergic degeneration is a prominent feature in Alzheimer's disease patients.
  • The locus coeruleus is implicated as an early site of AD pathology.
  • The exact mechanisms by which noradrenergic dysfunction influences AD progression are not fully understood.

Conclusions:

  • Noradrenergic dysfunction is a critical but incompletely understood aspect of Alzheimer's disease.
  • Further research is essential to elucidate the precise roles of the noradrenergic system in AD pathogenesis and to identify potential therapeutic targets.