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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
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Demographic Studies from a National Gaucher Disease Screening Program.

D M Gagnon1, E Pergament, B A Fine

  • 1, .

Journal of Genetic Counseling
|July 5, 2015
PubMed
Summary

A nationwide screening program identified 3.4% of participants with Gaucher disease. Common symptoms included fatigue, bone pain, and bruising, highlighting the need for increased disease recognition.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Genetic Diseases
  • Rare Diseases
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Gaucher disease is a rare genetic disorder.
  • Early diagnosis and recognition are crucial for management.
  • A nationwide screening program was established to address these needs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of a self-selected screening program for Gaucher disease.
  • To identify individuals with undiagnosed Gaucher disease.
  • To analyze reported symptoms and risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • A self-report screening form collected data from 700 individuals on symptoms, age, ancestry, gender, and family history.
  • Individuals designated "high risk" were offered beta-glucocerebrosidase enzyme assay testing.

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  • Statistical analysis compared symptom reporting between high-risk and low-risk groups.
  • Main Results:

    • Gaucher disease was diagnosed in 3.4% (24/700) of respondents.
    • The most frequent symptoms reported were fatigue, bone pain, and bruising.
    • Liver enlargement and unexplained bone fractures were statistically significant indicators of high risk.

    Conclusions:

    • The screening program successfully identified individuals with Gaucher disease.
    • Symptom reporting can aid in identifying individuals at high risk.
    • Further research is needed to understand symptomatology in affected versus unaffected individuals.