Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Gramicidin and chlorhexidine encapsulated in bicontinuous microemulsions: antimicrobial activity performance and their impact on self-assembly.

Journal of surfactants and detergents·2025

Same author

Inactivation of Aerosolized Hepatitis A Viral Droplets on Food Contact Surfaces by Ultraviolet-Light-Emitting Diodes at 255 nm and 279 nm.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same author

Colorimetric dual DNAzyme reaction triggered by loop-mediated isothermal amplification for the visual detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in food matrices.

PloS one·2025

Same author

Colorimetric and electrochemical analysis of DNAzyme-LAMP amplicons for the detection of Escherichia coli in food matrices.

Scientific reports·2024

Same author

Inactivation of Hepatitis A Virus and Feline Calicivirus on Model Food Contact Surfaces by Ultraviolet Light (UV-C) Systems.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2024

Same author

Inactivation of Tulane virus and feline calicivirus by aqueous ozone.

Journal of food science·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds

Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds

Published on: October 29, 2015

Aqueous Extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa Calyces Decrease Hepatitis A Virus and Human Norovirus Surrogate Titers.

Snehal S Joshi¹, Lezlee Dice¹, Doris H D'Souza²

¹Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.

Food and Environmental Virology

|July 6, 2015

Summary

Hibiscus sabdariffa extract demonstrates significant antiviral activity against foodborne viruses like norovirus surrogates and hepatitis A virus. This natural compound shows promise in preventing the transmission of viral pathogens in food.

Keywords:

Feline calicivirus (FCV-F9)Hepatitis A virus (HAV)Hibiscus extracts Murine norovirus (MNV-1)Reduction

More Related Videos

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. Part III. Virus Detection by RT-qPCR

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. Part III. Virus Detection by RT-qPCR

Published on: January 16, 2016

Alternative In Vitro Methods for the Determination of Viral Capsid Structural Integrity

Alternative In Vitro Methods for the Determination of Viral Capsid Structural Integrity

Published on: November 16, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds

Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds

Published on: October 29, 2015

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. Part III. Virus Detection by RT-qPCR

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. Part III. Virus Detection by RT-qPCR

Published on: January 16, 2016

Alternative In Vitro Methods for the Determination of Viral Capsid Structural Integrity

Alternative In Vitro Methods for the Determination of Viral Capsid Structural Integrity

Published on: November 16, 2017

Area of Science:

Food Science
Microbiology
Phytochemistry

Background:

Hibiscus sabdariffa extract possesses known antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and antimicrobial properties.
The antiviral efficacy of H. sabdariffa against foodborne viruses remained unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the antiviral effects of aqueous H. sabdariffa extracts against human norovirus surrogates (feline calicivirus and murine norovirus) and hepatitis A virus.
To assess the impact of specific compounds like protocatechuic acid and ferulic acid present in the extract.

Main Methods:

Viruses (FCV-F9, MNV-1, HAV) were incubated with H. sabdariffa extract (40 or 100 mg/ml) or its components at 37°C for 24 hours.
Viral titers were determined using plaque assays.
Transmission electron microscopy was employed for structural analysis.

Main Results:

H. sabdariffa extract rapidly inactivated feline calicivirus and hepatitis A virus within 24 hours.
Significant reductions in murine norovirus titers were observed, with complete inactivation after 24 hours.
Protocatechuic acid and ferulic acid showed partial antiviral activity against specific viruses.

Conclusions:

Aqueous H. sabdariffa extract exhibits potent antiviral properties against key foodborne viruses.
H. sabdariffa extract holds potential as a natural agent for preventing foodborne viral transmission.