Evaluation of guided tissue regeneration in Class II furcation defects. A clinical re-entry study

Twelve patients with two comparable furcation Class II lesions in lower molars were included in this study. After adequate presurgical preparation and pertinent clinical measurements, the areas were treated with full thickness flaps and thorough debridement and scaling and planing of the root surfaces. One of the defects was randomly selected to be covered with Gore-Tex periodontal material, held in place by sling sutures of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene. On both sites the flaps were positioned slightly coronal to their original level and sutured. After 6 months both sites were re-entered surgically and remeasured. The test sites showed a statistically significant reduction in pocket depth and gain in attachment levels while the controls had not changed from preoperative levels. No changes in bone levels were detected in test or control sites. However, because of the large variability in the measurements, and the short period of observation, there may be differences in bony changes between the two therapies. Studies with larger groups, more accurate methods, and longer time intervals are needed to better evaluate the effects of barrier membranes in periodontal healing.