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Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting
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Pharmacists performing quality spirometry testing: an evidence based review.

Michael J Cawley1, William J Warning2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacy Administration, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, 600 South 43rd Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4495, USA. m.cawley@usciences.edu.

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|July 8, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Pharmacists can perform quality spirometry testing for pulmonary disease patients, meeting international guidelines. Further research is recommended to explore health outcomes associated with this expanded pharmacist role in respiratory care.

Keywords:
Literature reviewPharmacistPharmacy servicesPulmonary function testingSpirometry

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Pharmacy
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Diagnostic Testing

Background:

  • Pharmacist services for pulmonary disease traditionally focus on drug outcomes.
  • Pharmacists possess the capability to expand clinical services into diagnostic testing, including spirometry.
  • Existing studies indicate pharmacists can conduct high-quality spirometry testing adhering to international standards.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the evidence of pharmacists performing spirometry testing according to American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) guidelines.
  • To review the nature of evidence and outcomes reported for pharmacist-provided spirometry services.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was performed across five major databases (PubMed, IPA, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Cochrane).
  • Searches included terms related to pharmacy, spirometry, pulmonary function, asthma, and COPD, limited to English and human studies.
  • Supplemental information was gathered through Uniform Resource Locators and Google Scholar searches.

Main Results:

  • Eight studies (six prospective, two retrospective) met the inclusion criteria.
  • All participating pharmacists received specialized training in spirometry.
  • 100% of studies demonstrated acceptable spirometry repeatability based on ATS/ERS guidelines, with figures ranging from 70% to 99%.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence supports the ability of pharmacists to conduct quality spirometry testing.
  • Additional prospective research is necessary to strengthen the evidence base.
  • Future studies should focus on measuring the health outcomes for pulmonary patients receiving spirometry services from pharmacists.