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Ultrasound triggered drug delivery with liposomal nested microbubbles.

N Wallace1, S P Wrenn1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.

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|July 9, 2015
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Summary

Ultrasound contrast microbubbles within liposomes enable triggered drug release. Microbubble cavitation damages liposomes, releasing their contents, with release rates dependent on ultrasound pressure.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Acoustic Engineering
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Liposomes are widely used for drug delivery due to their biocompatibility.
  • Controlled release of encapsulated drugs from liposomes remains a challenge.
  • Ultrasound contrast agents offer potential for triggered therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the triggered release of liposomal contents using ultrasound contrast agent microbubbles.
  • To characterize the mechanisms of liposome membrane disruption by microbubble cavitation.
  • To determine the influence of ultrasound parameters on drug release kinetics.

Main Methods:

  • Encapsulation of ultrasound contrast agent microbubbles within liposomes.
  • Exposure of liposomes to focused ultrasound (1 MHz) at varying pressures.
  • Quantification of aqueous core release using fluorescence assays.
  • Qualitative assessment of membrane integrity via optical microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Triggered release of liposomal contents was dependent on the presence of microbubbles.
  • Two distinct release regimes were observed based on ultrasound pressure.
  • High pressures (2.1-3.7 MPa) induced rapid release and permanent membrane damage.
  • Low pressures (0.54-1.7 MPa) resulted in slower release, dilation, and temporary poration.

Conclusions:

  • Microbubble-mediated ultrasound cavitation provides a viable method for triggered liposomal drug release.
  • Ultrasound pressure is a critical parameter controlling the rate and extent of liposome membrane disruption.
  • This approach holds promise for targeted and controlled drug delivery applications.