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Reasoning is the action of thinking about something in a logical, sensible way. It is integral to problem-solving, decision-making, and critical thinking. Reasoning can be inductive or deductive. Reasoning involves transforming information into conclusions, which is essential for problem-solving, decision-making, and critical thinking.
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Accommodating Presuppositions Is Inappropriate in Implausible Contexts.

Raj Singh1, Evelina Fedorenko2, Kyle Mahowald2

  • 1Institute of Cognitive Science, Carleton University.

Cognitive Science
|July 9, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Speakers convey new information by asserting or presupposing it. Our study shows asserting implausible information is more appropriate than presupposing it, supporting the assertion-presupposition distinction in linguistic information processing.

Keywords:
AccommodationPragmaticsPresuppositionPsycholinguisticsSemanticsSentence processing

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Two views exist on how speakers convey information: asserting new content or presupposing given content.
  • One view posits accommodation for presupposed information, predicting conversational appropriateness differences for implausible content.
  • An alternative view integrates presuppositions into asserted content, predicting no such difference.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To empirically distinguish between two competing theories of linguistic information processing.
  • To investigate the conversational appropriateness of asserting versus presupposing implausible information.

Main Methods:

  • Two self-paced reading experiments were conducted.
  • An online "stops-making-sense" judgment task was employed.
  • The presupposition triggers 'the' and 'too' were used to elicit presuppositions.

Main Results:

  • Accommodation was judged as inappropriate for implausible presuppositions, but not for plausible ones.
  • Results showed a significant difference in appropriateness between asserting and presupposing implausible information.
  • No significant difference was found when the presupposed information was plausible.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the view that speakers distinguish between assertion and presupposition.
  • Accommodation is a mechanism specifically for handling presupposed information.
  • This distinction is crucial for understanding conversational appropriateness, especially with implausible content.