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Nathaniel J Karst1, Brian D Storey, John B Geddes

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This study reveals that complex microvascular blood flow dynamics, including oscillations and multiple steady states, arise from nonlinear blood properties, not just network structure. These findings explain in vivo observations using biologically relevant models.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Physiology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Microvascular blood flow exhibits complex dynamics, including oscillations and multiple steady states.
  • Previous analytical studies often used simplified models, not fully capturing in vivo conditions.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for explaining physiological phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate oscillatory dynamics and multiple steady-state flow rates in microvascular networks.
  • To utilize biologically relevant constitutive laws for whole blood rheology.
  • To determine if complex network topology is necessary for complex flow behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Employed analytic and numeric techniques.
  • Utilized two-parameter bifurcation diagrams to map dynamical behaviors.
  • Incorporated nonlinear rheology models, including the plasma skimming effect.

Main Results:

  • Predicted multiple equilibria flow configurations and simple oscillations in volumetric flow rate.
  • Identified multiple coexistent limit cycles at physically realizable parameters.
  • Demonstrated that nonlinear rheology, specifically plasma skimming, is sufficient for complex dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Complex microvascular blood flow dynamics do not necessitate intricate network topology.
  • Nonlinear blood rheology is a key driver of oscillatory dynamics observed in vivo.
  • The study provides a more biologically accurate model for microvascular flow.