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Related Concept Videos

Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

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Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Influenza01:27

Influenza

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Influenza is an acute, highly communicable viral disease that affects the respiratory tract and is responsible for seasonal epidemics worldwide. Influenza A is the most prevalent type associated with widespread outbreaks and is subtyped based on two surface glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), as in H1N1. These glycoproteins are essential for viral infectivity, transmission, and immune recognition. Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets and contaminated...
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Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

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Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
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Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

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During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 7, 2026

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease
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[Influenza-Associated Encephalopathy].

Hiroyuki Torisu1, Toshiro Hara

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Fukuoka Dental College.

Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo
|July 11, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Influenza-associated encephalopathy, a neurological disorder from influenza, causes consciousness disturbance and brain edema. Japanese guidelines have improved outcomes, and awareness is growing globally.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases

Context:

  • Influenza-associated encephalopathy (IAE) is a neurological syndrome linked to influenza virus infection.
  • Pathologically, it is characterized by acute non-inflammatory brain edema causing neurological dysfunction.
  • The diverse clinical presentations have led to various proposed subtypes and pathologies.

Purpose:

  • To define and describe influenza-associated encephalopathy.
  • To highlight the diagnostic and treatment guidelines in Japan.
  • To underscore the expanding recognition of IAE beyond childhood and Japan.

Summary:

  • IAE primarily involves consciousness disturbance due to influenza.
  • Diagnosis and treatment follow specific Japanese guidelines, improving patient outcomes.
  • Post-2009 pandemic, adult and international cases (US, Europe) have increased IAE's global spotlight.

Impact:

  • Improved outcomes for influenza-associated encephalopathy through established guidelines.
  • Increased global awareness and reporting of IAE cases in adults and different regions.
  • Highlights the need for continued research into diverse IAE presentations and pathologies.