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Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Leaky Scanning

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Published on: June 24, 2021

Cauliflower mosaic virus Transcriptome Reveals a Complex Alternative Splicing Pattern.

Clément Bouton¹, Angèle Geldreich¹, Laëtitia Ramel¹

¹Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.

|July 11, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) alternative splicing is a complex and conserved process. Disrupting CaMV splice sites does not affect infectivity, as the virus utilizes alternative splicing flexibility to maintain its infectious cycle.

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Combining Analysis of DNA in a Crude Virion Extraction with the Analysis of RNA from Infected Leaves to Discover New Virus Genomes

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Published on: July 27, 2018

Area of Science:

Plant virology
Molecular biology
RNA splicing

Background:

Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) relies on alternative splicing of its 35S RNA for infectivity.
Previous studies identified key splice sites and proposed a role in downregulating viral gene expression.
Alternative splicing is crucial for generating viral protein isoforms.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the conservation and functional relevance of alternative splicing in CaMV isolates.
To explore the impact of inactivating known splice sites on viral infectivity and RNA processing.
To characterize the complexity of CaMV 35S RNA splicing patterns.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of alternative splicing in different CaMV isolates (Cabb B-JI and Cabb-S).
In vitro expression and interaction studies of fusion proteins (P1P2).
Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) to analyze 35S RNA isoforms and splice site function in infected plants.

Main Results:

Alternative splicing is conserved across CaMV isolates, often creating ORF I and II fusions.
Expressed P1P2 fusion proteins showed in vitro interactions but were rapidly degraded in planta, suggesting no significant role.
Inactivation of known splice sites did not impair viral pathogenicity, with mutants exhibiting similar infectivity to wild-type.
RT-PCR revealed over thirteen 35S RNA isoforms due to novel and cryptic splice site activation.
Disruption of splice sites was compensated by the activation of alternative sites, demonstrating viral splicing flexibility.

Conclusions:

CaMV 35S RNA splicing is a complex, conserved, and highly flexible process.
The virus employs multiple splice sites, including cryptic ones, to ensure RNA splicing efficiency.
Alternative splicing, despite its complexity, is not essential for CaMV infectivity, highlighting a robust viral strategy.