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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Imaging Techniques for Aortic Root Sizing.

Julian L Wichmann1, Akos Varga-Szemes, Pal Suranyi

  • 1*Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging ‡Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC †Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt ∥Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany §Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, University of Rome "Sapienza" - Polo Pontino, Latina ¶Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Italy.

Journal of Thoracic Imaging
|July 13, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) offers improved outcomes for severe aortic stenosis. Accurate preprocedural imaging, particularly computed tomography (CT), is crucial for optimal valve selection and reducing complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a key alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis, especially in high-risk patients.
  • TAVR demonstrates improved clinical outcomes and reduced complications compared to surgery in specific patient groups.
  • Accurate preprocedural assessment of the aortic root and vascular access is critical for successful TAVR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review multimodality imaging approaches for pre-TAVR aortic root size assessment.
  • To explore the impact of imaging on post-TAVR complications and clinical outcomes.
  • To describe techniques for reducing contrast volume in CT-based TAVR assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on imaging modalities for TAVR planning.
  • Emphasis on the role of computed tomography (CT) for 3D aortic root and outflow tract assessment.
  • Discussion of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for post-TAVR evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Cross-sectional imaging, especially CT, offers superior diagnostic accuracy for TAVR measurements compared to echocardiography.
  • CT-based pre-TAVR planning is associated with improved clinical outcomes.
  • Variations in measurement algorithms can impact prosthesis selection and complication rates.

Conclusions:

  • Multimodality imaging, particularly CT, is essential for precise pre-TAVR aortic root and outflow tract sizing.
  • Accurate imaging facilitates optimal valve selection, potentially reducing post-TAVR complications and improving outcomes.
  • Advancements in CT techniques aim to minimize contrast agent use during pre-TAVR assessment.