Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

1.8K
An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
1.8K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

1.4K
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
1.4K
Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

7.9K
A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
7.9K
Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

12.5K
A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
12.5K
Magnetic Damping01:17

Magnetic Damping

1.3K
Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
If, however, the bob is a slotted metal plate, the magnet produces a much smaller effect. When a slotted metal plate enters the field, an emf is induced by the change in flux; however, it is less effective because the slots limit the...
1.3K
Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

888
Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
888

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

In Flight Performance of the Far Ultraviolet Instrument (FUV) on ICON.

Space science reviews·2023
Same author

First ICON-FUV Nighttime NmF2 and hmF2 Comparison to Ground and Space-Based Measurements.

Journal of geophysical research. Space physics·2022
Same author

Temperature Tides Across the Mid-Latitude Summer Turbopause Measured by a Sodium Lidar and MIGHTI/ICON.

Journal of geophysical research. Atmospheres : JGR·2021
Same author

The Far Ultra-Violet imager on the ICON mission.

Space science reviews·2021
Same author

The Ionospheric Connection Explorer Mission: Mission Goals and Design.

Space science reviews·2021
Same journal

Juno Observations Set New Constraints on the Electrodynamic Interaction Between Io and Jupiter.

Journal of geophysical research. Space physics·2024
Same journal

Simultaneous Infrared Observations of the Jovian Auroral Ionosphere and Thermosphere.

Journal of geophysical research. Space physics·2024
Same journal

A Novel Determination of the Foreshock ULF Boundary: Statistical Approach.

Journal of geophysical research. Space physics·2024
Same journal

Impacts of Thunderstorm-Generated Gravity Waves on the Ionosphere-Thermosphere Using TIEGCM-NG/MAGIC Simulations and Comparisons With GNSS TEC, ICON, and COSMIC-2 Observations.

Journal of geophysical research. Space physics·2024
Same journal

Energy Transport and Conversion Above a Bright Discrete Auroral Arc.

Journal of geophysical research. Space physics·2024
Same journal

Derivations of the Total Radiation Belt Electron Content.

Journal of geophysical research. Space physics·2024
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Geomagnetic Field Gmf and Plant Evolution: Investigating the Effects of Gmf Reversal on Arabidopsis thaliana Development and Gene Expression
11:04

Geomagnetic Field Gmf and Plant Evolution: Investigating the Effects of Gmf Reversal on Arabidopsis thaliana Development and Gene Expression

Published on: November 30, 2015

14.1K

Ionospheric redistribution during geomagnetic storms.

T J Immel1, A J Mannucci2

  • 1Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, California, USA.

Journal of Geophysical Research. Space Physics
|July 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Geomagnetic storms significantly increase ionospheric plasma density, with enhancements varying by Universal Time (UT). This study found larger effects in the American sector, likely due to regional magnetic field variations, not storm intensity.

Keywords:
DstGPSTECgeomagnetic stormsion outflowionosphere

More Related Videos

Surface Renewal: An Advanced Micrometeorological Method for Measuring and Processing Field-Scale Energy Flux Density Data
09:55

Surface Renewal: An Advanced Micrometeorological Method for Measuring and Processing Field-Scale Energy Flux Density Data

Published on: December 12, 2013

9.3K
Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
08:06

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Published on: February 23, 2017

9.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Geomagnetic Field Gmf and Plant Evolution: Investigating the Effects of Gmf Reversal on Arabidopsis thaliana Development and Gene Expression
11:04

Geomagnetic Field Gmf and Plant Evolution: Investigating the Effects of Gmf Reversal on Arabidopsis thaliana Development and Gene Expression

Published on: November 30, 2015

14.1K
Surface Renewal: An Advanced Micrometeorological Method for Measuring and Processing Field-Scale Energy Flux Density Data
09:55

Surface Renewal: An Advanced Micrometeorological Method for Measuring and Processing Field-Scale Energy Flux Density Data

Published on: December 12, 2013

9.3K
Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone
08:06

Merging Ion Concentration Polarization between Juxtaposed Ion Exchange Membranes to Block the Propagation of the Polarization Zone

Published on: February 23, 2017

9.0K

Area of Science:

  • Space Physics
  • Ionospheric Physics
  • Geomagnetism

Background:

  • Ionospheric plasma density often increases during geomagnetic storms.
  • Previous studies suggest a dependency of this enhancement on the Universal Time (UT) of storm onset.
  • Understanding these variations is crucial for space weather prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the UT dependency of ionospheric plasma density enhancements during geomagnetic storms.
  • To analyze the geographical distribution of these enhancements, particularly in the American sector.
  • To determine the relationship between storm strength and observed ionospheric variations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of global ionospheric total electron content (TEC) maps over a 7-year period.
  • Utilizing data from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).
  • Correlation analysis with the advanced Dst index to categorize storm activity.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed significant plasma density enhancements in the American sector during geomagnetic storms, up to 50% in the afternoon mid-latitudes and 30% near the auroral cusp.
  • Observed the largest effects in the Southern Hemisphere.
  • Found that storm strength variations corresponded to TEC variations but lagged by 3-6 hours.

Conclusions:

  • The UT-dependent peak in storm-time TEC is likely not driven by the magnitude of external forcing.
  • Regional phenomena, such as the low magnetic field in the South American region, are probable causes.
  • Observed ionospheric variations may influence the measured strength of the terrestrial ring current, potentially via UT-dependent ion outflow modulation.