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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

2.0K
When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
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Flame Photometry: Lab01:16

Flame Photometry: Lab

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In a flame photometer, when a solution like potassium chloride is aspirated into the flame, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind dehydrated salt. This salt dissociates into free gaseous atoms in their ground state. Some of these atoms absorb energy from the flame, leading to their excitation. The excited atoms return to the ground state, emitting photons at characteristic wavelengths. Because only electronic transitions are involved, the resulting emission lines are very narrow. The intensity...
296
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

267
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
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Flame Photometry: Overview01:02

Flame Photometry: Overview

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Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
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Updated: Aug 4, 2025

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In Flight Performance of the Far Ultraviolet Instrument (FUV) on ICON.

H U Frey1, S B Mende1, R R Meier2

  • 1Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA.

Space Science Reviews
|April 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

NASA's ICON mission uses the Far Ultraviolet Instrument (FUV) to study the ionosphere's variability. Initial data reveal instrument performance and provide insights into space weather impacts on Earth's upper atmosphere.

Keywords:
AirglowFUV instrumentIonosphereNASA ICON mission

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Area of Science:

  • Space Physics
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Aeronomy

Background:

  • The Earth's ionosphere and upper atmosphere exhibit significant variability.
  • Understanding energy and momentum transfer is crucial for space weather prediction.
  • The interaction between the solar wind, magnetosphere, and atmosphere-ionosphere system is complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the performance and data processing of the Far Ultraviolet Instrument (FUV) on NASA's ICON mission.
  • To analyze instrument calibration and flight data over the first three years.
  • To summarize initial scientific findings regarding ionospheric variability.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the Far Ultraviolet Instrument (FUV) to observe ultraviolet airglow.
  • Combining ground calibration with in-flight data for parameter verification.
  • Analyzing data to determine atmospheric and ionospheric composition and density.

Main Results:

  • Verification and refinement of major instrument parameters since launch.
  • Successful collection and processing of science data over three years.
  • Initial science results provide insights into ionospheric variability sources.

Conclusions:

  • The ICON mission's FUV instrument is performing well, providing valuable data.
  • The mission is advancing our understanding of the dynamic upper atmosphere and ionosphere.
  • Continued observations will enhance knowledge of space weather impacts.