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Simulating Impacts of Ice Storms on Forest Ecosystems

Simulating Impacts of Ice Storms on Forest Ecosystems

Published on: June 30, 2020

Prediction of Lightning Inception by Large Ice Particles and Extensive Air Showers.

Anna Dubinova¹, Casper Rutjes¹, Ute Ebert^1,2

¹Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Physical Review Letters

|July 17, 2015

Summary

Lightning can initiate under specific conditions, requiring an electric field at 15% of breakdown strength, elongated ice particles, and sufficient free electrons. These factors, alongside cosmic ray air showers, can trigger atmospheric discharges.

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Method for Recording Broadband High Resolution Emission Spectra of Laboratory Lightning Arcs

Method for Recording Broadband High Resolution Emission Spectra of Laboratory Lightning Arcs

Published on: August 27, 2019

Area of Science:

Atmospheric Physics
Electromagnetism
Cloud Microphysics

Background:

Understanding the precise conditions for lightning initiation is crucial for atmospheric science and electrical safety.
Previous models often simplified the complex interplay of atmospheric electricity, ice particle properties, and cosmic ray interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the minimum conditions required for lightning initiation.
To investigate the role of ice particle size, free electron density, and electric fields in triggering atmospheric discharges.

Main Methods:

Utilizing computational simulations incorporating the permittivity of ice ε(ω).
Modeling atmospheric conditions with specific parameters for electric field strength, ice particle dimensions, and free electron concentrations.
Analyzing the influence of cosmic ray air showers on electron density.

Main Results:

Lightning can be initiated when the electric field reaches 15% of the breakdown field.
Elongated ice particles (6 cm) and a density of 100 free electrons/cm³ are identified as key factors.
Simulations indicate that a 3m high and 0.2 km² electric field zone can trigger at least one discharge per minute.

Conclusions:

The study provides a specific parameter set for lightning initiation, highlighting the importance of ice particle size distribution.
Cosmic ray-induced air showers play a role in achieving the necessary free electron density at high altitudes.
Further detailed measurements of ice particle size distribution are recommended to refine lightning prediction models.