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The Human-Animal Interface.

Leslie A Reperant1, Albert D M E Osterhaus1

  • 1Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

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|July 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary

The dynamic human-animal interface, shaped by historical changes like domestication and trade, constantly evolves, increasing risks of pathogen transmission. Prioritizing technologies to monitor these threats is crucial for public health.

Area of Science:

  • One Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Anthropology

Background:

  • The human-animal interface is a fundamental aspect of human existence, evolving alongside human development.
  • Historical factors such as domestication, agriculture, urbanization, trade, and industrialization have significantly shaped the nature and scope of human-animal interactions.
  • These evolving interactions have consistently influenced the emergence and spread of diseases across species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the historical evolution of the human-animal interface.
  • To understand how changes in human society have impacted disease emergence.
  • To emphasize the need for advanced surveillance technologies at the human-animal interface.

Main Methods:

  • Historical analysis of human-animal interactions.

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  • Review of epidemiological data related to cross-species pathogen transmission.
  • Conceptual framework development linking societal changes to disease risk.

    • Main Results:

    • The human-animal interface is a dynamic and versatile construct, not static.
    • Societal developments have progressively altered the risks associated with cross-species pathogen transmission.
    • The scope and range of human-animal interactions continue to expand, presenting ongoing challenges.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the historical trajectory of the human-animal interface is key to managing current and future health risks.
    • The increasing interconnectedness of human and animal populations necessitates continuous monitoring for novel pathogens.
    • Investment in technologies for identifying and tracking threats at the human-animal interface is a critical public health priority.