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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Ex utero Electroporation and Whole Hemisphere Explants: A Simple Experimental Method for Studies of Early Cortical Development

Ex utero Electroporation and Whole Hemisphere Explants: A Simple Experimental Method for Studies of Early Cortical Development

Published on: April 3, 2013

Cellular and molecular introduction to brain development.

Xiangning Jiang¹, Jeannette Nardelli²

¹Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.

Neurobiology of Disease

|July 18, 2015

Summary

This review covers the cellular, molecular, and genetic foundations of brain development, focusing on neural maturation and neurological disorders. It highlights key developmental processes from embryonic to postnatal stages.

Keywords:

Cerebral cortex Gliogenesis Neurodevelopment Neurodevelopmental disorders Neuronal maturation Progenitor cell Synaptogenesis

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Last Updated: Apr 6, 2026

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Published on: April 3, 2013

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Genetics

Background:

Recent advances in human neocortex evolution and brain-wide proteome/transcriptome analyses offer new insights.
Understanding molecular mechanisms is crucial for neural maturation and neurological disorder pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of the cellular, molecular, and genetic underpinnings of brain development.
To emphasize key mechanisms in normal neural development from embryonic to early postnatal stages.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on brain development.
Emphasis on cellular, molecular, and genetic mechanisms.
Focus on key developmental landmarks and processes.

Main Results:

Detailed overview of neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation.
Explanation of cortical neuronal migration and cerebral cortex evolution/folding.
Discussion of synaptogenesis, neural circuit development, gliogenesis, and myelination.

Conclusions:

Perturbations in these developmental mechanisms can lead to disorders.
Common perinatal brain injuries can also disturb normal brain development.
This overview serves as a foundation for further research into brain development and disorders.