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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

2.3K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine
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[Immunological tumor therapy].

K Dietrich1, M Theobald

  • 1III. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland, karin.dietrich@unimedizin-mainz.de.

Der Internist
|July 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer immunotherapy harnesses the immune system to fight tumors by activating immune responses or equipping patients with anti-tumor capabilities. This approach, including antibodies and cell therapies, is becoming a cornerstone of cancer treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Context:

  • Malignant cells evade immune surveillance, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Cancer immunotherapy aims to overcome immune evasion by modulating the host immune response.
  • Recent advancements include bispecific antibodies, gene-modified T lymphocytes, and tumor vaccines.

Purpose:

  • To review current anti-tumor immune strategies and their underlying molecular mechanisms.
  • To highlight the potential of immunotherapy in cancer treatment.
  • To identify areas requiring further research for optimizing cancer immunotherapy.

Summary:

  • Tumor cells can escape immune detection, but immunotherapy seeks to re-engage the immune system against cancer.
  • Key strategies involve enhancing immune response or genetically modifying immune cells for anti-tumor activity.
  • Approved therapies and clinical trials demonstrate the growing efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.

Impact:

  • Cancer immunotherapy is poised to become a critical component of future oncological treatment paradigms.
  • Further research into biomarkers, treatment duration, and combination strategies will refine therapeutic outcomes.
  • This field offers significant promise for improving patient survival and quality of life in cancer care.