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Fetal Mortality in the Delta.

Adam T Sandlin1, Janet M Bronstein1, Nader Z Rabie1

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Fetal mortality is significantly higher in Mississippi Delta counties compared to non-Delta areas. This study found a 21% increased odds of fetal death overall and a 28% increase for deaths at or before 28 weeks gestation in Delta regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Maternal Health
  • Perinatal Epidemiology

Background:

  • The Mississippi Delta region faces significant health disparities.
  • Understanding regional variations in fetal mortality is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare fetal mortality rates between Delta and non-Delta counties in Mississippi.
  • To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with fetal death in these regions.

Main Methods:

  • Linked hospital discharge data with fetal death and birth certificates (2004-2010).
  • Analyzed maternal and pregnancy characteristics and outcomes.
  • Compared fetal death frequencies between Delta and non-Delta areas.

Main Results:

  • Delta counties had higher rates of young mothers, African American ethnicity, multigravida status, Medicaid recipients, smokers, and unmarried status.
  • The odds of fetal death were 1.40 times higher in Delta counties, and 1.56 times higher for deaths at or before 28 weeks.
  • Even after controlling for key factors, fetal death odds remained significantly elevated in Delta counties (1.21 overall, 1.28 at ≤28 weeks).

Conclusions:

  • Fetal mortality is significantly higher in Mississippi Delta counties.
  • A 21% increased odds of overall fetal death and a 28% increased odds of early fetal death (≤28 weeks) were observed in Delta counties.
  • These findings highlight the need for focused public health initiatives in the Delta region to address disparities in perinatal outcomes.