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Viral Hepatitis Surveillance--India, 2011-2013
MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
|July 24, 2015
Summary
Viral hepatitis surveillance in India from 2011-2013 revealed numerous cases and outbreaks, primarily linked to contaminated water. Hepatitis A and E were common causes, highlighting the need for improved sanitation and vaccination.
Area of Science:
- * Public Health
- * Epidemiology
- * Infectious Diseases
Background:
- * The burden of viral hepatitis in India requires better characterization.
- * The Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) monitors epidemic-prone diseases, including viral hepatitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To summarize viral hepatitis surveillance and outbreak data reported to IDSP from 2011 to 2013.
- * To identify the common etiologies and sources of viral hepatitis outbreaks in India.
Main Methods:
- * Analysis of viral hepatitis surveillance and outbreak data collected by IDSP across Indian states.
- * Review of case data and etiological information for reported hepatitis outbreaks.
Main Results:
- * 804,782 hepatitis cases and 291 outbreaks were reported between 2011-2013; etiology was unspecified in 92% of cases.
- * Hepatitis A and E were frequently detected in tested cases and were the primary causes of outbreaks, often linked to contaminated drinking water.
- * Two-thirds of outbreaks occurred in rural areas, with Hepatitis E and A being the most common etiological agents.
Conclusions:
- * Contaminated drinking water is a major source of viral hepatitis outbreaks in India.
- * Improving water quality, sanitation, and incorporating the Hepatitis A vaccine into routine immunization are recommended public health strategies.
- * Expanding IDSP to include testing for Hepatitis B and C is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of viral hepatitis epidemiology.
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