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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

41.8K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
41.8K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

7.3K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
16.7K
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

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3.7K
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
9.5K
Genome Annotation and Assembly03:36

Genome Annotation and Assembly

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The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
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Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
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KnowEnG: a knowledge engine for genomics.

Saurabh Sinha1, Jun Song2, Richard Weinshilboum3

  • 1Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA sinhas@illinois.edu.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA
|July 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The National Institutes of Health Center for Excellence in Big Data Computing introduces Knowledge Engine for Genomics (KnowEnG), an e-science framework. KnowEnG empowers biomedical scientists to extract knowledge from genomics data using advanced analytics and a vast knowledge network.

Keywords:
BD2KNetwork analysisbig datagenomicsscalable

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Genomics research generates vast datasets requiring advanced analytical tools.
  • Integrating diverse genomics data is crucial for scientific discovery.
  • Existing frameworks lack comprehensive tools for big data analysis in genomics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the National Institutes of Health Center for Excellence in Big Data Computing.
  • To present the Knowledge Engine for Genomics (KnowEnG) framework.
  • To outline research plans for transforming big data into actionable knowledge in genomics.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an E-science framework (KnowEnG) integrating data mining, network mining, and machine learning.
  • Creation of a central "Knowledge Network" comprising community genomics datasets.
  • Analysis of user-submitted data sets against the Knowledge Network.

Main Results:

  • KnowEnG provides biomedical scientists with powerful tools for genomics data analysis.
  • The framework facilitates knowledge extraction from large-scale genomics datasets.
  • Discovery projects demonstrate KnowEnG's utility in pharmacogenomics and transcriptomics.

Conclusions:

  • KnowEnG is a transformative platform for genomics research.
  • The framework enhances the ability to derive biological insights from big data.
  • Future applications span diverse areas of biological inquiry, including human behavior.