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Eosinophilia in Hematologic Disorders.

Lorenzo Falchi1, Srdan Verstovsek1

  • 1Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America
|July 27, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral blood eosinophilia can signal various conditions. This review covers eosinophilic myeloid neoplasms (MN-eos), their diagnosis, and treatments like imatinib mesylate, emphasizing molecular alterations for improved patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Chronic eosinophilic leukemiaEosinophiliaHypereosinophilic syndromeImatinibPDGFRAPDGFRB

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Peripheral blood eosinophilia is a clinical finding associated with diverse benign and malignant conditions.
  • Eosinophilic myeloid neoplasms (MN-eos) encompass specific hematologic disorders.
  • Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is another significant cause of eosinophilia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnostic approach for patients presenting with eosinophilia.
  • To discuss current and emerging treatment strategies for eosinophilic myeloid neoplasms.
  • To highlight the role of molecular alterations in the diagnosis and management of MN-eos.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic interventions for MN-eos and HES.
  • Analysis of the impact of molecular discoveries on treatment paradigms.
  • Synthesis of current hematological practice guidelines for managing eosinophilia.

Main Results:

  • Imatinib mesylate has transformed treatment for molecularly defined MN-eos.
  • Novel therapeutic agents show efficacy in managing HES.
  • Identification of recurrent molecular alterations is crucial for refining diagnosis and therapy.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic approach is essential for diagnosing the cause of eosinophilia.
  • Targeted therapies based on molecular profiles are improving outcomes for MN-eos.
  • Ongoing research into molecular alterations promises further advancements in treating eosinophilic disorders.