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Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants
Published on: March 6, 2018
Environmental hexachlorobenzene exposure and human male reproductive function
Ina Olmer Specht1, Jens Peter Ellekilde Bonde2, Gunnar Toft3
1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark; Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6919, USA.
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) exposure may affect male reproductive hormones. Higher HCB levels were linked to altered sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and free androgen index (FAI) in fertile men, but semen quality remained unaffected.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Endocrinology
- Reproductive Toxicology
Background:
- Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a persistent organic pollutant with known endocrine-disrupting potential.
- Androgen regulation is crucial for male reproductive health.
- Previous studies suggest potential adverse effects of HCB on male reproductive function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between serum Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) levels and biomarkers of male reproductive function.
- To assess the impact of varying environmental HCB exposure on hormonal profiles and semen quality.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study involving 589 men from Greenland, Poland, and Ukraine (2002-2004).
- Serum samples analyzed for HCB concentrations using gas chromatography.
- Measurements included sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and free androgen index (FAI).
Main Results:
- Mean serum HCB concentrations varied significantly across study sites, being highest in Ukraine and Greenland.
- Positive association observed between HCB levels and SHBG in men from Ukraine and Poland.
- Negative association found between HCB levels and FAI in men from Ukraine and Poland.
Conclusions:
- Elevated serum HCB levels are associated with altered SHBG and FAI in fertile men across different exposure settings.
- No significant adverse effects on semen quality were detected in relation to HCB exposure in this cohort.
- Findings highlight the complex relationship between environmental pollutants and male reproductive health biomarkers.
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