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During the development of a new pharmaceutical, the manufacturer initially assigns a code name to the drug. Once approved, the drug receives a United States Adopted Name (USAN)—a generic, nonproprietary designation. Upon being listed in the United States Pharmacopeia, this nonproprietary name becomes the drug's official name. Additionally, the manufacturer assigns a proprietary name or trademark, which serves as the brand name under which the drug is marketed. It is worth noting that...
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Common Names of Aldehydes and Ketones01:11

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Some common aldehydes and ketones are popularly known by their common names used historically and predate the IUPAC nomenclature.   
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Nomenclature of Alkanes02:22

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In the late 19th-century, the number of new chemical compounds discovered increased tremendously. Hence, the necessity arose to develop a naming system for the systematic nomenclature of these newly discovered compounds. IUPAC (International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry), established in 1919, sets rules for the nomenclature.
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Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles01:11

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Naming Amides
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Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon or arene. The IUPAC names for simple monosubstituted benzene derivatives are derived by adding the substituent's name as a prefix to the parent benzene. For example, halobenzene, where the halogen could be fluoro (F), chloro (Cl), bromo (Br), and iodo (I).
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Comparing the Frequency Effect Between the Lexical Decision and Naming Tasks in Chinese
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What's in a name?

Chia-Kai Chu1, Michael L Morgan2, Sumayya Almarzouqi2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.

Survey of Ophthalmology
|July 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rheumatoid arthritis can cause vasculitis, leading to neurological issues like homonymous hemianopsia. Prompt treatment with immunosuppressants can reverse these effects.

Keywords:
autoimmune diseasecerebral vasculitishomonymous hemianopsiap-ANCA antibodiesrheumatoid arthritis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Rheumatology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease primarily affecting joints.
  • Systemic vasculitis is a rare but serious complication of RA.
  • Neuro-ophthalmic involvement in RA-related vasculitis is not widely recognized.

Observation:

  • A 51-year-old male with RA and diabetes presented with left-sided hemiparesis, neglect, and homonymous hemianopsia.
  • Brain MRI revealed significant swelling and altered signal in the right cerebral lobes.
  • Elevated perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and skin biopsy confirmed leukocytoclastic vasculitis.

Findings:

  • The patient experienced marked clinical and radiographic improvement.
  • Cerebral vascular abnormalities resolved following treatment.
  • Successful treatment involved prednisone, methylprednisolone pulse therapy, and methotrexate.

Implications:

  • This case highlights neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of RA-related vasculitis.
  • Homonymous hemianopsia can be a presenting symptom of systemic vasculitis in RA patients.
  • Clinicians should consider vasculitis in RA patients with new-onset neurological or visual deficits.