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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention
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Flexible brain network reconfiguration supporting inhibitory control.

Jeffrey M Spielberg1, Gregory A Miller2, Wendy Heller3

  • 1Neuroimaging Research for Veterans Center, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02130; jspielb2@gmail.com.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|July 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals how the brain

Keywords:
brain networkdorsal anterior cingulategraph theoryinhibitioninhibitory control

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Network Science

Background:

  • Inhibitory control is vital for goal-directed behavior, yet the brain networks supporting it are not fully understood.
  • Previous research focused on regional brain activation, leaving network-level understanding limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the brain network organization underlying inhibitory control.
  • To identify specific network changes during tasks demanding high inhibitory control.

Main Methods:

  • Applied graph theory analysis to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data.
  • Utilized a color-word Stroop task with a large sample of adults (n=101).
  • Examined global and regional network properties.

Main Results:

  • Increased inhibitory control demand led to network restructuring favoring functional segregation, integration, and resilience.
  • Key brain regions like the right inferior frontal sulcus and right anterior insula became more central network hubs.
  • The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex showed increased connectivity within its subnetwork.

Conclusions:

  • Findings elucidate the functional network organization supporting inhibitory control.
  • Understanding these network dynamics offers insights into potential breakdowns in neurological and psychiatric conditions.