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A U Bing1, S F Loh2, T Morris3

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Actinomycosis is a chronic infection caused by Actinomyces species, presenting with abscesses, fibrosis, and draining sinuses.
  • Infections range from invasive to superficial skin and soft tissue involvement.
  • Actinomyces species are fastidious, difficult to identify, and potentially underdiagnosed in breast infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review Actinomyces species isolated from breast infections in NHS Lothian (2005-2013).
  • To analyze Actinomyces species from breast infections referred to the UK Anaerobe Reference Unit (1988-2014).
  • To compile published cases of Actinomyces breast infections since 1994.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of laboratory records from NHS Lothian.
  • Analysis of data from the UK Anaerobe Reference Unit.
  • Systematic literature search for published case reports and series.

Main Results:

  • Identified Actinomyces species in breast infections across multiple datasets and timeframes.
  • Highlighted the association of Actinomyces with chronic and recurrent breast infections.
  • Demonstrated an increasing recognition of Actinomyces as a cause of breast infections.

Conclusions:

  • Actinomyces species are an important, though often underappreciated, cause of chronic and recurrent breast infections.
  • Improved diagnostic techniques are enhancing the identification of these fastidious organisms.
  • Further awareness and diagnostic efforts are needed to fully understand the role of Actinomyces in breast pathology.