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Enhanced gentamicin nephrotoxicity after experimental biliary obstruction in rats
M I Lucena1, J A Gonzalez-Correa, R J Andrade
1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Hospital Carlos Haya, Malaga, Spain.
Pharmacology & Toxicology
|November 1, 1989
Summary
Bile duct ligation significantly increases the risk of gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats. This condition enhances kidney sensitivity to the drug, leading to impaired renal function and cell damage.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Gentamicin is a widely used antibiotic, but its use is limited by potential kidney toxicity (nephrotoxicity).
- Factors influencing gentamicin nephrotoxicity are not fully understood, necessitating further investigation into risk modifiers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of bile duct ligation on the risk of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.
- To determine if biliary obstruction alters renal sensitivity to gentamicin.
Main Methods:
- Male Wistar rats underwent bile duct ligation or sham surgery.
- Animals received either gentamicin (20 mg/kg) or saline intraperitoneally twice daily for 8 days.
- Renal function, tubular cell morphology, and gentamicin concentrations in serum and kidney cortex were assessed.
Main Results:
- Rats with bile duct ligation and gentamicin injection showed significant decline in renal function and tubular necrosis.
- Sham-operated rats receiving gentamicin did not exhibit renal dysfunction.
- Serum and kidney gentamicin levels were substantially higher in bile duct ligated rats compared to sham-operated rats.
Conclusions:
- Complete biliary obstruction significantly enhances renal sensitivity to gentamicin.
- Bile duct ligation is a risk factor for gentamicin nephrotoxicity.