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Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility patterns of dermatophytes isolated from patients with neoplastic diseases: a

Marius Irimie1, Alexandru Oanta, Claudia Alexandrina Irimie

  • 1Marius Irimie Irimie, MD, 40, Zizinului Street, Brasov, Romania; marius_irimie2002@yahoo.com.

Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica : ADC
|August 1, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Patients with cancer, especially hematologic malignancies, face a higher risk of fungal infections like dermatophytosis. Antifungal susceptibility remains similar to the general population, with terbinafine showing the most effectiveness.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Dermatology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Severely immunocompromised patients with neoplasia are at increased risk for fungal infections.
  • Limited data exist on dermatophyte infection frequency and antifungal efficacy in cancer patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the incidence of dermatophyte infections in cancer patients.
  • To determine antifungal susceptibility and identify dermatophyte species in this population.
  • To compare findings with immunocompetent individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Direct microscopy and Sabouraud agar cultures of nail/skin samples from 138 cancer patients and 160 controls.
  • In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing using broth microdilution.
  • Analysis of clinical presentation and species identification.

Main Results:

  • Dermatophyte infections occurred in 30.4% of cancer patients vs. 29.37% of controls.
  • Hematologic malignancy patients had a significantly higher infection rate (52%) than solid cancer patients (25.66%).
  • Terbinafine demonstrated the highest in vitro antifungal activity.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer patients, particularly those with hematologic malignancies, show a higher incidence of dermatophytosis.
  • Antifungal susceptibility patterns in cancer patients are comparable to immunocompetent individuals.
  • Clinical presentation may be more extensive in cancer patients, but terbinafine remains a key treatment option.

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