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Programmed cell delivery from biodegradable microcapsules for tissue repair.

L Draghi1, D Brunelli, S Farè

  • 1a Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering Department "G. Natta" , Politecnico di Milano , Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32 - 20133, Milano , Italy.

Journal of Biomaterials Science. Polymer Edition
|August 1, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed injectable alginate microcapsules for controlled cell delivery in tissue repair. By adjusting material composition, they achieved programmable release of viable cells, overcoming limitations of traditional hydrogels.

Keywords:
biodegradable hydrogelscalcium alginatecell deliverychitosanmicroencapsulationpoloxamer

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Injectable and resorbable hydrogels offer minimally invasive solutions for tissue defect filling and local cell delivery.
  • A key challenge for hydrogel cell carriers is inadequate bulk diffusion, limiting their effectiveness.
  • Degradable, cell-loaded microcapsules present a strategy to overcome transport limitations by controlling material thickness via sphere radius.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the programmable release of viable cells from alginate-based microcapsules in vitro.
  • To evaluate how variations in hydrogel composition affect material stability and degradation rates.
  • To assess cell viability following encapsulation and subsequent in vitro release from the microcapsules.

Main Methods:

  • Alginate microspheres were formulated with varying concentrations of sodium alginate and calcium chloride to control degradation.
  • The impact of additives like poloxamer and chitosan on alginate microsphere degradation and cross-linking was assessed.
  • Cell viability was confirmed after encapsulation and monitored during in vitro release studies.

Main Results:

  • Degradation rates of alginate microspheres were successfully tuned from days to weeks by altering sodium alginate and calcium chloride concentrations.
  • Poloxamer addition significantly accelerated microsphere degradation, with near-complete breakdown within two weeks.
  • Chitosan addition enhanced alginate cross-linking, increasing material stability.
  • Viable cells were encapsulated and released from all tested formulations, with release timing dependent on degradation speed.

Conclusions:

  • Simple modifications in alginate microcapsule formulation allow for fine-tuning of capsule breakdown.
  • This control over degradation enables regulation and optimization of cell release for tissue repair applications.
  • Alginate microcapsules show promise as advanced cell delivery vehicles for regenerative medicine.