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An Evidence-Based Approach To Managing Asymptomatic Elevated Blood Pressure In The Emergency Department

Elizabeth M Goldberg1, Kaushal Shah2, Philip Shayne3

  • 1Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, and The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI.

Emergency Medicine Practice
|August 5, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Emergency departments see over 900,000 annual visits for hypertension. This review covers current evidence for treating asymptomatic hypertension, guiding emergency care and patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hypertension affects 30% of adults globally and 50 million in the US.
  • Over 900,000 US emergency department visits annually are for hypertension-related issues.
  • A third of patients with elevated blood pressure lack a prior diagnosis, risking severe complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the emergency department treatment of asymptomatic hypertension.
  • To differentiate hypertensive emergencies from uncontrolled hypertension.
  • To provide guidelines for treatment selection, admission decisions, and patient follow-up.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of current medical literature.
  • Analysis of evidence for emergency department management strategies.
  • Examination of diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols.

Main Results:

  • Asymptomatic hypertension requires careful evaluation to distinguish between hypertensive emergency and controlled hypertension.
  • Treatment selection depends on clinical presentation and risk factors.
  • Guidelines exist for admission and outpatient follow-up to mitigate long-term risks.

Conclusions:

  • Effective emergency department management of asymptomatic hypertension is crucial for preventing severe morbidity and mortality.
  • Clear protocols aid clinicians in appropriate treatment and disposition decisions.
  • Further research can refine emergency care for hypertensive patients.

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