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EquiFACS: The Equine Facial Action Coding System.

Jen Wathan1, Anne M Burrows2, Bridget M Waller3

  • 1Mammal Communication and Cognition Research, School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom.

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|August 6, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed EquiFACS, a system to objectively record all horse facial movements. This tool aids in understanding horse emotions and social behavior across various contexts.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal behavior
  • Comparative psychology

Background:

  • Previous studies on horse facial expressions were context-specific.
  • A comprehensive methodology for documenting all horse facial movements was lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a systematic methodology for documenting all possible facial movements in domestic horses (Equus caballus).
  • To enable objective description and recording of horse facial expressions across diverse contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Anatomical investigation of equine facial musculature.
  • Analysis of naturally occurring horse behavior from high-quality video recordings.
  • Identification and description of discrete facial movements based on underlying muscle contractions.

Main Results:

  • Developed the Horse Facial Action Coding System (EquiFACS).
  • Identified a wide range of facial movements, some shared with primates and other domestic animals.
  • Demonstrated high inter-rater reliability for learning and applying EquiFACS, even for inexperienced individuals.

Conclusions:

  • EquiFACS provides a reliable tool for objective documentation of horse facial expressions.
  • This system can advance research in social cognition, comparative psychology, and animal welfare in horses.
  • Facial movement analysis in horses can inform veterinary practices and improve animal welfare.