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Related Experiment Videos

LSD - An Overview on Drug Action and Detection.

B D Paul1, M L Smith1

  • 1Division of Forensic Toxicology, Office of the Armed Forces Medical Examiner, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rockville, MD, USA.

Forensic Science Review
|August 11, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a potent hallucinogen. Detecting LSD in urine, primarily using immunoassay and GC-MS, is crucial for forensic investigations due to abuse concerns.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Pharmacology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a potent psychoactive semisynthetic ergot alkaloid.
  • LSD abuse poses significant risks, including "flashbacks" and fatal accidents.
  • Established methods for detecting LSD and its metabolites are limited, complicating drug abuse monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current methods for detecting lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in biological samples.
  • To highlight the challenges in identifying LSD and its metabolites.
  • To discuss the role of analytical techniques in forensic investigations.

Main Methods:

  • Initial screening typically employs immunoassay techniques due to their simplicity and cost-effectiveness.
Keywords:
Biochemical and pharmacological actionsLSDmetabolism and excretionmethods of analysissynthesis

Related Experiment Videos

  • Confirmation of LSD presence in urine is achieved using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
  • Selective extraction methods are preferred for sensitive detection, reaching concentrations as low as 50 pg/mL.

    • Main Results:

    • Most current detection methods focus on identifying unchanged LSD in urine.
    • Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is the standard confirmatory technique.
    • Emerging liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods for detecting LSD metabolites show promise.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate detection of LSD is essential for addressing drug abuse and its consequences.
    • Immunoassay and GC-MS are established methods, but challenges remain in metabolite detection.
    • Advancements in analytical techniques, like LC-MS, are improving forensic capabilities.