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Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

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Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
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Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) is the combination of analytical techniques of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in a single instrument for analyzing a mixture of compounds. The gas chromatograph separates the compounds in the mixture, and the mass spectrometer analyzes each compound separately to determine the molecular masses and molecular structures.
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Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector
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Forensic Analysis of Explosives by LC/MS.

Y Yinon1

  • 1National Center for Forensic Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.

Forensic Science Review
|August 11, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) is ideal for forensic trace analysis of explosives. Electrospray ionization (ESI)-LC/MS in negative-ion mode offers the highest sensitivity for detecting trace explosives.

Keywords:
ExplosivesLC/MSelectrospray ionizationforensic identificationmass spectrometrytrace analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Mass Spectrometry

Background:

  • Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) is a preferred technique for forensic trace analysis due to its separation capabilities and sensitive detection.
  • Various LC/MS interfaces and ionization modes exist, each with specific operational principles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate different LC/MS interfaces and ionization modes for the forensic trace analysis of explosives.
  • To identify the most suitable ESI-LC/MS conditions for sensitive detection and identification of explosive residues.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of several LC/MS interfaces and ionization modes.
  • Detailed analysis using electrospray ionization (ESI)-LC/MS in the negative-ion mode.
  • Characterization of explosive ions, primarily adduct and [M - H]- ions.

Main Results:

  • Electrospray ionization (ESI)-LC/MS in the negative-ion mode demonstrated superior suitability for analyzing trace explosives.
  • Characteristic ions observed were mainly adduct and [M - H]- ions.
  • Detection limits achieved with ESI-LC/MS were in the picogram (pg) range.

Conclusions:

  • ESI-LC/MS in the negative-ion mode is highly effective for the sensitive detection and identification of trace amounts of explosives in forensic applications.
  • The method provides excellent sensitivity, with detection limits in the picogram range, crucial for forensic investigations.