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Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Generation and Expansion of Human Cardiomyocytes from Patient Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Published on: February 12, 2021
Nerves Regulate Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Heart Regeneration
Ahmed I Mahmoud1, Caitlin C O'Meara1, Matthew Gemberling2
1Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, and the Brigham Regenerative Medicine Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Nerves are essential for heart regeneration in zebrafish and mice. Inhibiting nerve function reduces cardiomyocyte proliferation and impairs regeneration, highlighting nerves
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Neuroscience
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Adult humans typically cannot regenerate heart tissue after injury.
- Some organisms, like zebrafish and neonatal mice, possess heart regeneration capabilities.
- Nerves are known to play a role in organ regeneration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of cardiac nerves in heart regeneration.
- To determine if nerves guide the process of heart regeneration.
Main Methods:
- Used transgenic zebrafish to study cardiac innervation.
- Pharmacologically inhibited cholinergic nerve function in zebrafish and neonatal mice.
- Performed mechanical denervation in neonatal mice.
- Administered recombinant neuregulin 1 (NRG1) and nerve growth factor (NGF).
- Conducted transcriptional analysis of denervated hearts.
Main Results:
- Inhibition of cardiac innervation reduced myocyte proliferation after injury in zebrafish.
- Pharmacological inhibition of cholinergic nerves decreased cardiomyocyte proliferation in injured zebrafish and neonatal mouse hearts.
- Mechanical denervation impaired heart regeneration in neonatal mice.
- NRG1 and NGF administration rescued heart regeneration in denervated neonatal mice.
- Transcriptional analysis showed a blunted inflammatory and immune response in denervated hearts.
Conclusions:
- Nerve function is required for heart regeneration in both zebrafish and neonatal mice.
- Cardiac innervation plays a crucial role in promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation and immune response during heart regeneration.
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