Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function
05:41

Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function

Published on: January 29, 2013

16.8K

Endothelial Changes in Individuals with Prehypertension

Flavia Mariana Valente1, Patricia Vespasiano, Juliana Aparecida Barbosa

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, Medical School of Sao Jose do Rio Preto (FAMERP), Av. Brg. Faria Lima, 5416 - Vila Sao Pedro, São José do Rio Preto - SP, 15090-000, Brazil. flaviamvalente@hotmail.com.

Current Hypertension Reviews
|August 13, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Early endothelial changes in prehypertension, including impaired vasodilation and reduced fibrinolysis, predict cardiovascular events. Early therapeutic measures are crucial for managing this precursor to hypertension.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Prehypertension is a precursor to systemic arterial hypertension.
  • Cardiovascular diseases are leading causes of death globally and in Brazil.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment of prehypertension can mitigate cardiovascular risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a selective literature review.
  • To identify and discuss early endothelial changes in prehypertension.
  • To highlight the clinical significance of these findings.

Main Methods:

  • Selective literature review.
  • Analysis of endothelial function markers.
  • Assessment of vasoactive and fibrinolytic factors.

Main Results:

  • Increased endothelin-1 (ET-1) mediated vasoconstrictor tone.
  • Impaired endothelial-dependent vasodilation.
  • Elevated levels of angiotensin, arginine, and vasopressin.
  • Reduced endothelial fibrinolytic capacity, increasing atherothrombotic risk.

Conclusions:

  • Prehypertension is associated with significant endothelial dysfunction.
  • These changes contribute to the development of hypertension and cardiovascular events.
  • Early therapeutic interventions are vital for individuals with prehypertension.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues08:41

Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues

Published on: June 3, 2019

10.5K
Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test06:35

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test

Published on: April 27, 2016

19.0K

Related Concept Videos

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
1.5K
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
729
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
4.8K
Alterations in Blood Pressure01:30

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Alterations in blood pressure, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure), significantly affect human health. Understanding these conditions' classifications, causes, and symptoms is essential for effective management and treatment.
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension occurs when blood pressure readings consistently exceed the normal range. It is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure (the top number, indicating pressure while the heart...
2.5K
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
1.2K
Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
2.8K