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Related Concept Videos

Torque01:10

Torque

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Torque is an important quantity for describing the dynamics of a rotating rigid body. We see the application of torque in many ways in the world, such as when pressing the accelerator in a car, which causes the engine to apply additional torque on the drivetrain. Here, we define torque and provide a framework to create an equation to calculate torque for a rigid body with fixed-axis rotation.
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Weightlessness01:01

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When an object is dropped, it accelerates toward the center of the Earth. If the net external force on the object is its weight, it is said to be in free fall; that is, the only force acting on the object is gravity. Galileo was instrumental in showing that, in the absence of air resistance, all objects fall with the same acceleration g. However, when objects on the Earth fall downward, they are never truly in free fall, because there is always some upward resistance force from the air acting...
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One of the simpler characteristics of sliding friction is that it is parallel to the contact surfaces between systems, and is always in a direction that opposes the motion or attempted motion of the systems relative to each other. If two systems are in contact and moving relative to one another, then the friction between them is called kinetic friction. For example, kinetic friction slows a hockey puck sliding on ice.
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Torque Free Motion01:15

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The torque-free motion refers to the movement of a rigid body in space when no external torques are acting upon it. This type of motion can be observed in environments where there are no external forces or frictions, like in outer space. For example, a rotation of Mars in space is a torque-free motion. Mars is an axisymmetric object, meaning it has an axis of symmetry along which it rotates, designated as the z-axis. The rotating frame of reference is defined such that the center of mass of...
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Equation of Motion: General Plane motion - Problem Solving01:16

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Consider a lawn roller with a mass of 100 kg, a radius of 0.2 meters, and a radius of gyration of 0.15 meters. A force of 200 N is applied to this roller, angled at 60 degrees from the horizontal plane. What will be the angular acceleration of the lawn roller?
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Principle of Angular Impulse and Momentum: Problem Solving01:19

Principle of Angular Impulse and Momentum: Problem Solving

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Consider a ball of mass m, attached to a massless rod of known length, subjected to a time-dependent torque. If the initial velocity of the mass is known, then the final velocity of the mass for time t can be determined using the principle of angular impulse and momentum.
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Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip
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Inertial torque during reaching directly impacts grip-force adaptation to weightless objects.

T Giard1,2, F Crevecoeur1,2, J McIntyre3,4,5

  • 1ICTEAM, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.

Experimental Brain Research
|August 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Learning to grip objects is slower when torque loads are present. This study found that inertial torque during movement disrupts grip-force adjustments, impacting motor control and object manipulation.

Keywords:
AdaptationGrip-forceMotor controlTorque loadWeightlessness

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Human motor control involves gradual performance improvement through learning.
  • Object manipulation is affected by torque loads, slowing grip-force adjustment.
  • The cause of slower adaptation rates in the presence of torque is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of inertial torque loads on grip-force adjustment during object manipulation.
  • To isolate the effect of movement-related feedback on grip force in weightlessness.
  • To understand how torque loads impact motor learning and control.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy adults performed visually guided reaching movements in weightlessness while holding an unbalanced object.
  • Grip-force adaptation rates were measured.
  • A control group manipulated a balanced object in weightlessness without torque.

Main Results:

  • Grip-force adaptation was significantly slower when a torque load was present.
  • Inertial torque loads appear to disrupt grip-force adjustments during movement.
  • Weightlessness helped isolate movement-related feedback effects.

Conclusions:

  • Torque loads experienced during movement slow grip-force adaptation.
  • Torque may alter internal estimates of required grip force for stability.
  • This finding may explain the importance of grasping near the center of mass for manipulation.