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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
07:42

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material

Published on: December 20, 2024

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Marginal Integrity of Bulk Versus Incremental Fill Class II Composite Restorations.

F Al-Harbi, D Kaisarly, D Bader

    Operative Dentistry
    |August 13, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Bulk-fill composites showed comparable cervical marginal integrity to incremental and open-sandwich techniques in Class II restorations. No significant differences were found between the tested bulk-fill and conventional resin composite systems after aging.

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    Area of Science:

    • Restorative Dentistry
    • Dental Biomaterials

    Background:

    • Bulk-fill resin composites simplify deep direct restoration placement.
    • Assessing cervical marginal integrity is crucial for restoration longevity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the cervical marginal integrity of bulk-fill versus incremental and open-sandwich Class II resin composite restorations.
    • To evaluate restoration performance after thermomechanical cycling using SEM and FDI criteria.

    Main Methods:

    • Class II box-only cavities were prepared in 91 maxillary premolars.
    • Eight restorative systems, including bulk-fill and conventional composites with different bonding strategies, were tested.
    • Restorations underwent thermomechanical cycling, followed by replica SEM and FDI criteria evaluation.

    Main Results:

    • No statistically significant differences in cervical marginal integrity were observed between bulk-fill and conventional composite groups via replica SEM or FDI criteria.
    • Specific bulk-fill systems (SonicFill, Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill) and incremental techniques showed favorable results at enamel and cementum margins.
    • Tetric Ceram HB with self-etch adhesive performed poorly at both margins.

    Conclusions:

    • Bulk-fill resin composites demonstrate comparable cervical marginal integrity to incremental and open-sandwich techniques for Class II restorations.
    • Restoration performance is influenced by the material, bonding strategy, and margin location (enamel vs. cementum).
    • Further research may explore long-term clinical performance of these materials.