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Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...

Peptic Ulcer Disease V: Surgical Management and Nursing Care

Peptic Ulcer Disease V: Surgical Management and Nursing Care

Surgical management and nursing care are crucial in treating Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD). Here is an organized and enhanced overview of the surgical interventions and the associated nursing care for PUD:
Surgical Interventions for Peptic Ulcer Disease

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...

Gastric Motility

Gastric Motility

Gastric motility is the coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscles that convert ingested food into chyme, a semi-liquid substance ready for further digestion in the intestines. The process begins with the vagus nerve inducing the relaxation of the smooth muscles in the fundus and body of the stomach, allowing these regions to expand and accommodate up to approximately 1.5 liters of food and liquid.
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Gastric Content Assessment and Risk Stratification in Perioperative Care

Author Spotlight: Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Gastric Content Assessment and Risk Stratification in Perioperative Care

Published on: September 22, 2023

[Gastric volvulus in children].

C A M Karlijn van Balkom¹, Sjoerd A de Beer, Michiel P van Wijk

¹Tergooi Ziekenhuizen, afd. Kindergeneeskunde, Blaricum.

Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde

|August 15, 2015

Summary

Pediatric gastric volvulus is a rare but serious condition. Early diagnosis using ultrasonography and barium studies can aid in timely intervention and treatment.

Area of Science:

Pediatric Gastroenterology
Surgical Pediatrics

Background:

Gastric volvulus is a rare condition in children, posing a significant risk if diagnosis is delayed.
Prompt recognition is crucial for preventing life-threatening complications.

Observation:

A 3.5-year-old boy presented with severe non-bilious vomiting, abdominal distension, and pain.
Diagnostic workup revealed hypochloraemic alkalosis, with ultrasonography suggesting gastric volvulus.

Findings:

Barium study demonstrated delayed duodenal contrast passage and craniomedial duodenal displacement, characteristic of mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus.
Surgical confirmation and successful gastropexy were performed.

Implications:

Diagnosing gastric volvulus in children can be challenging.

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Accessible imaging modalities like ultrasonography and barium studies are valuable diagnostic tools.

Early diagnosis and surgical intervention, such as gastropexy, are key to favorable outcomes in pediatric gastric volvulus.