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Related Concept Videos

Bootstrapping01:24

Bootstrapping

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The term "bootstrap" originated in the 19th century as a metaphor for self-improvement or achieving something independently, without external assistance. This concept extends to statistical bootstrapping, a self-contained method for estimating population parameters through resampling, even though it can be computationally intensive. Developed by the American statistician Dr. Bradley Efron in 1979, bootstrapping provides a robust way to perform inference when the original sample size is...
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Language Development01:22

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
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Initiation of Translation02:33

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Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
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Components of Language01:24

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Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
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Structural Classification of Joints01:20

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Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
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Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking IPL: Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
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Syntactic bootstrapping.

Cynthia Fisher1, Yael Gertner1, Rose M Scott1

  • 1Psychology Department, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820.

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Cognitive Science
|August 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children learn new verbs by using sentence structure, a process called syntactic bootstrapping. Toddlers utilize abstract mental vocabulary and sentence patterns before understanding verb meanings for rapid language acquisition.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Syntactic bootstrapping is a key mechanism for children's verb acquisition.
  • Understanding the early stages and interactions with syntax acquisition is crucial.

Discussion:

  • Learners utilize abstract mental representations for rapid generalization of syntactic knowledge to novel verbs.
  • Toddlers gather information on verb combinatorial behavior from sentence structure before semantic understanding.
  • Early verb learning involves an innate bias to map sentence nouns to event participant roles.

Key Insights:

  • Children's verb learning is guided by abstract syntactic representations, enabling quick generalization.
  • Syntactic information is acquired and utilized before semantic knowledge of verbs.
  • An innate mapping bias between nouns and event roles facilitates early syntactic bootstrapping.

Outlook:

  • Future research should explore the interplay between syntactic bootstrapping and other language acquisition mechanisms.
  • Investigating the neural correlates of syntactic bootstrapping can provide deeper insights.
  • Longitudinal studies can further elucidate the developmental progression of syntactic bootstrapping in children.